OpenSlides/openslides/users/views.py

import smtplib
import textwrap
from typing import List, Set

from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth import (
    login as auth_login,
    logout as auth_logout,
    update_session_auth_hash,
)
from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
from django.contrib.auth.password_validation import validate_password
from django.contrib.auth.tokens import default_token_generator
from django.contrib.sites.shortcuts import get_current_site
from django.core import mail
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError as DjangoValidationError
from django.db import transaction
from django.http.request import QueryDict
from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_text
from django.utils.http import urlsafe_base64_decode, urlsafe_base64_encode

from ..core.config import config
from ..core.signals import permission_change
from ..utils.auth import (
    GROUP_ADMIN_PK,
    GROUP_DEFAULT_PK,
    anonymous_is_enabled,
    has_perm,
)
from ..utils.autoupdate import Element, inform_changed_data, inform_changed_elements
from ..utils.cache import element_cache
from ..utils.rest_api import (
    ModelViewSet,
    Response,
    SimpleMetadata,
    ValidationError,
    detail_route,
    list_route,
    status,
)
from ..utils.views import APIView
from .access_permissions import (
    GroupAccessPermissions,
    PersonalNoteAccessPermissions,
    UserAccessPermissions,
)
from .models import Group, PersonalNote, User
from .serializers import GroupSerializer, PermissionRelatedField


# Viewsets for the REST API


class UserViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint for users.

    There are the following views: metadata, list, retrieve, create,
    partial_update, update, destroy and reset_password.
    """

    access_permissions = UserAccessPermissions()
    queryset = User.objects.all()

    def check_view_permissions(self):
        """
        Returns True if the user has required permissions.
        """
        if self.action in ("list", "retrieve"):
            result = self.get_access_permissions().check_permissions(self.request.user)
        elif self.action == "metadata":
            result = has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_see_name")
        elif self.action in ("update", "partial_update"):
            result = self.request.user.is_authenticated
        elif self.action in (
            "create",
            "destroy",
            "reset_password",
            "mass_import",
            "mass_invite_email",
        ):
            result = (
                has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_see_name")
                and has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_see_extra_data")
                and has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_manage")
            )
        else:
            result = False
        return result

    def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Customized view endpoint to update an user.

        Checks also whether the requesting user can update the user. He
        needs at least the permissions 'users.can_see_name' (see
        self.check_view_permissions()). Also it is evaluated whether he
        wants to update himself or is manager.
        """
        user = self.get_object()
        # Check permissions.
        if (
            has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_see_name")
            and has_perm(request.user, "users.can_see_extra_data")
            and has_perm(request.user, "users.can_manage")
        ):
            # The user has all permissions so he may update every user.
            if request.data.get("is_active") is False and user == request.user:
                # But a user can not deactivate himself.
                raise ValidationError({"detail": "You can not deactivate yourself."})
        else:
            # The user does not have all permissions so he may only update himself.
            if str(request.user.pk) != self.kwargs["pk"]:
                self.permission_denied(request)

            # This is a hack to make request.data mutable. Otherwise fields can not be deleted.
            if isinstance(request.data, QueryDict):
                request.data._mutable = True
            # Remove fields that the user is not allowed to change.
            # The list() is required because we want to use del inside the loop.
            for key in list(request.data.keys()):
                if key not in ("username", "about_me"):
                    del request.data[key]
        response = super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)
        # Maybe some group assignments have changed. Better delete the restricted user cache
        async_to_sync(element_cache.del_user)(user.pk)
        return response

    def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Customized view endpoint to delete an user.

        Ensures that no one can delete himself.
        """
        instance = self.get_object()
        if instance == self.request.user:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "You can not delete yourself."})
        self.perform_destroy(instance)
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

    @detail_route(methods=["post"])
    def reset_password(self, request, pk=None):
        """
        View to reset the password using the requested password.
        If update_defualt_password=True is given, the new password will also be set
        as the default_password.
        """
        user = self.get_object()
        password = request.data.get("password")
        if not isinstance(password, str):
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Password has to be a string."})

        update_default_password = request.data.get("update_default_password", False)
        if not isinstance(update_default_password, bool):
            raise ValidationError(
                {"detail": "update_default_password has to be a boolean."}
            )

        try:
            validate_password(password, user=request.user)
        except DjangoValidationError as errors:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": " ".join(errors)})
        user.set_password(password)
        if update_default_password:
            user.default_password = password
        user.save()
        return Response({"detail": "Password successfully reset."})

    @list_route(methods=["post"])
    @transaction.atomic
    def mass_import(self, request):
        """
        API endpoint to create multiple users at once.

        Example: {"users": [{"first_name": "Max"}, {"first_name": "Maxi"}]}
        """
        users = request.data.get("users")
        if not isinstance(users, list):
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Users has to be a list."})

        created_users = []
        # List of all track ids of all imported users. The track ids are just used in the client.
        imported_track_ids = []

        for user in users:
            serializer = self.get_serializer(data=user)
            try:
                serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            except ValidationError:
                # Skip invalid users.
                continue
            data = serializer.prepare_password(serializer.data)
            groups = data["groups_id"]
            del data["groups_id"]

            db_user = User(**data)
            db_user.save(skip_autoupdate=True)
            db_user.groups.add(*groups)
            created_users.append(db_user)
            if "importTrackId" in user:
                imported_track_ids.append(user["importTrackId"])

        # Now infom all clients and send a response
        inform_changed_data(created_users)
        return Response(
            {
                "detail": f"{len(created_users)} users successfully imported.",
                "importedTrackIds": imported_track_ids,
            }
        )

    @list_route(methods=["post"])
    def mass_invite_email(self, request):
        """
        Endpoint to send invitation emails to all given users (by id). Returns the
        number of emails send.
        """
        user_ids = request.data.get("user_ids")
        if not isinstance(user_ids, list):
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "User_ids has to be a list."})
        for user_id in user_ids:
            if not isinstance(user_id, int):
                raise ValidationError({"detail": "User_id has to be an int."})
        # Get subject and body from the response. Do not use the config values
        # because they might not be translated.
        subject = request.data.get("subject")
        message = request.data.get("message")
        if not isinstance(subject, str):
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Subject has to be a string."})
        if not isinstance(message, str):
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Message has to be a string."})
        users = User.objects.filter(pk__in=user_ids)

        # Sending Emails. Keep track, which users gets an email.
        # First, try to open the connection to the smtp server.
        connection = mail.get_connection(fail_silently=False)
        try:
            connection.open()
        except ConnectionRefusedError:
            raise ValidationError(
                {
                    "detail": f"Cannot connect to SMTP server on {settings.EMAIL_HOST}:{settings.EMAIL_PORT}"
                }
            )
        except smtplib.SMTPException as err:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": f"{err.errno}: {err.strerror}"})

        success_users = []
        user_pks_without_email = []
        try:
            for user in users:
                if user.email:
                    if user.send_invitation_email(
                        connection, subject, message, skip_autoupdate=True
                    ):
                        success_users.append(user)
                else:
                    user_pks_without_email.append(user.pk)
        except DjangoValidationError as err:
            raise ValidationError(err.message_dict)

        connection.close()
        inform_changed_data(success_users)
        return Response(
            {"count": len(success_users), "no_email_ids": user_pks_without_email}
        )


class GroupViewSetMetadata(SimpleMetadata):
    """
    Customized metadata class for OPTIONS requests.
    """

    def get_field_info(self, field):
        """
        Customized method to change the display name of permission choices.
        """
        field_info = super().get_field_info(field)
        if field.field_name == "permissions":
            field_info["choices"] = [
                {
                    "value": choice_value,
                    "display_name": force_text(choice_name, strings_only=True).split(
                        " | "
                    )[2],
                }
                for choice_value, choice_name in field.choices.items()
            ]
        return field_info


class GroupViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint for groups.

    There are the following views: metadata, list, retrieve, create,
    partial_update, update and destroy.
    """

    metadata_class = GroupViewSetMetadata
    queryset = Group.objects.all()
    serializer_class = GroupSerializer
    access_permissions = GroupAccessPermissions()

    def check_view_permissions(self):
        """
        Returns True if the user has required permissions.
        """
        if self.action in ("list", "retrieve"):
            result = self.get_access_permissions().check_permissions(self.request.user)
        elif self.action == "metadata":
            # Every authenticated user can see the metadata.
            # Anonymous users can do so if they are enabled.
            result = self.request.user.is_authenticated or anonymous_is_enabled()
        elif self.action in ("create", "partial_update", "update", "destroy"):
            # Users with all app permissions can edit groups.
            result = (
                has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_see_name")
                and has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_see_extra_data")
                and has_perm(self.request.user, "users.can_manage")
            )
        else:
            # Deny request in any other case.
            result = False
        return result

    def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Customized endpoint to update a group. Send the signal
        'permission_change' if group permissions change.
        """
        group = self.get_object()

        # Collect old and new (given) permissions to get the difference.
        old_permissions = list(
            group.permissions.all()
        )  # Force evaluation so the perms don't change anymore.
        permission_names = request.data["permissions"]
        if isinstance(permission_names, str):
            permission_names = [permission_names]
        given_permissions = [
            PermissionRelatedField(read_only=True).to_internal_value(data=perm)
            for perm in permission_names
        ]

        # Run super to update the group.
        response = super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)

        # Check status code and send 'permission_change' signal.
        if response.status_code == 200:

            # Delete the user chaches of all affected users
            for user in group.user_set.all():
                async_to_sync(element_cache.del_user)(user.pk)

            def diff(full, part):
                """
                This helper function calculates the difference of two lists:
                The result is a list of all elements of 'full' that are
                not in 'part'.
                """
                part = set(part)
                return [item for item in full if item not in part]

            new_permissions = diff(given_permissions, old_permissions)

            # Some permissions are added.
            if new_permissions:
                elements: List[Element] = []
                signal_results = permission_change.send(
                    None, permissions=new_permissions, action="added"
                )
                all_full_data = async_to_sync(element_cache.get_all_full_data)()
                for __, signal_collections in signal_results:
                    for cachable in signal_collections:
                        for full_data in all_full_data.get(
                            cachable.get_collection_string(), {}
                        ):
                            elements.append(
                                Element(
                                    id=full_data["id"],
                                    collection_string=cachable.get_collection_string(),
                                    full_data=full_data,
                                    disable_history=True,
                                )
                            )
                inform_changed_elements(elements)

            # TODO: Some permissions are deleted.

        return response

    def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Protects builtin groups 'Default' (pk=1) and 'Admin' (pk=2) from being deleted.
        """
        instance = self.get_object()
        if instance.pk in (GROUP_DEFAULT_PK, GROUP_ADMIN_PK):
            self.permission_denied(request)
        # The list() is required to evaluate the query
        affected_users_ids = list(instance.user_set.values_list("pk", flat=True))

        # Delete the group
        self.perform_destroy(instance)

        # Get the updated user data from the DB.
        affected_users = User.objects.filter(pk__in=affected_users_ids)
        inform_changed_data(affected_users)
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)


class PersonalNoteViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint for personal notes.

    There are the following views: metadata, list, retrieve, create,
    partial_update, update, and destroy.
    """

    access_permissions = PersonalNoteAccessPermissions()
    queryset = PersonalNote.objects.all()

    def check_view_permissions(self):
        """
        Returns True if the user has required permissions.
        """
        if self.action in ("list", "retrieve"):
            result = self.get_access_permissions().check_permissions(self.request.user)
        elif self.action in (
            "metadata",
            "create",
            "partial_update",
            "update",
            "destroy",
        ):
            # Every authenticated user can see metadata and create personal
            # notes for himself and can manipulate only his own personal notes.
            # See self.perform_create(), self.update() and self.destroy().
            result = self.request.user.is_authenticated
        else:
            result = False
        return result

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        """
        Customized method to inject the request.user into serializer's save
        method so that the request.user can be saved into the model field.
        """
        serializer.save(user=self.request.user)

    def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Customized method to ensure that every user can change only his own
        personal notes.
        """
        if self.get_object().user != self.request.user:
            self.permission_denied(request)
        return super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Customized method to ensure that every user can delete only his own
        personal notes.
        """
        if self.get_object().user != self.request.user:
            self.permission_denied(request)
        return super().destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)


# Special API views


class WhoAmIDataView(APIView):
    def get_whoami_data(self):
        """
        Appends the user id to the context. Uses None for the anonymous
        user. Appends also a flag if guest users are enabled in the config.
        Appends also the serialized user if available.
        """
        user_id = self.request.user.pk or 0
        guest_enabled = anonymous_is_enabled()

        if user_id:
            user_data = async_to_sync(element_cache.get_element_restricted_data)(
                user_id, self.request.user.get_collection_string(), user_id
            )
            group_ids = user_data["groups_id"] or [GROUP_DEFAULT_PK]
        else:
            user_data = None
            group_ids = [GROUP_DEFAULT_PK] if guest_enabled else []

        # collect all permissions
        permissions: Set[str] = set()
        group_all_data = async_to_sync(element_cache.get_collection_full_data)(
            "users/group"
        )
        for group_id in group_ids:
            permissions.update(group_all_data[group_id]["permissions"])

        return {
            "user_id": user_id or None,
            "guest_enabled": guest_enabled,
            "user": user_data,
            "permissions": list(permissions),
        }

    def get_context_data(self, **context):
        context.update(self.get_whoami_data())
        return super().get_context_data(**context)


class UserLoginView(WhoAmIDataView):
    """
    Login the user.
    """

    http_method_names = ["get", "post"]

    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # If the client tells that cookies are disabled, do not continue as guest (if enabled)
        if not self.request.data.get("cookies", True):
            raise ValidationError(
                {"detail": "Cookies have to be enabled to use OpenSlides."}
            )
        form = AuthenticationForm(self.request, data=self.request.data)
        if not form.is_valid():
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Username or password is not correct."})
        self.user = form.get_user()
        auth_login(self.request, self.user)
        return super().post(*args, **kwargs)

    def get_context_data(self, **context):
        """
        Adds some context.

        For GET requests adds login info text to context. This info text is
        taken from the config. If this value is empty, a special text is used
        if the admin user has the password 'admin'.

        For POST requests adds the id of the current user to the context.
        """
        if self.request.method == "GET":
            if config["general_login_info_text"]:
                context["info_text"] = config["general_login_info_text"]
            else:
                try:
                    user = User.objects.get(username="admin")
                except User.DoesNotExist:
                    context["info_text"] = ""
                else:
                    if user.check_password("admin"):
                        context["info_text"] = (
                            f"Use <strong>admin</strong> and <strong>admin</strong> for your first login.<br>"
                            "Please change your password to hide this message!"
                        )
                    else:
                        context["info_text"] = ""
            # Add the privacy policy and legal notice, so the client can display it
            # even, it is not logged in.
            context["privacy_policy"] = config["general_event_privacy_policy"]
            context["legal_notice"] = config["general_event_legal_notice"]
            # Add the theme, so the loginpage is themed correctly
            context["theme"] = config["openslides_theme"]
            context["logo_web_header"] = config["logo_web_header"]
        else:
            # self.request.method == 'POST'
            context.update(self.get_whoami_data())
        return super().get_context_data(**context)


class UserLogoutView(WhoAmIDataView):
    """
    Logout the user.
    """

    http_method_names = ["post"]

    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.request.user.is_authenticated:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "You are not authenticated."})
        auth_logout(self.request)
        return super().post(*args, **kwargs)


class WhoAmIView(WhoAmIDataView):
    """
    Returns the id of the requesting user.
    """

    http_method_names = ["get"]


class SetPasswordView(APIView):
    """
    Users can set a new password for themselves.
    """

    http_method_names = ["post"]

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user = request.user
        if not (
            has_perm(user, "users.can_change_password")
            or has_perm(user, "users.can_manage")
        ):
            self.permission_denied(request)
        if user.check_password(request.data["old_password"]):
            try:
                validate_password(request.data.get("new_password"), user=user)
            except DjangoValidationError as errors:
                raise ValidationError({"detail": " ".join(errors)})
            user.set_password(request.data["new_password"])
            user.save()
            update_session_auth_hash(request, user)
        else:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Old password does not match."})
        return super().post(request, *args, **kwargs)


class PasswordResetView(APIView):
    """
    Users can send an email to themselves to get a password reset email.

    Send POST request with {'email': <email addresss>} and all users with this
    address will receive an email (means Django sends one or more emails to
    this address) with a one-use only link.
    """

    http_method_names = ["post"]
    use_https = True  # TODO: get used protocol from server, see issue #4233

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Loop over all users and send emails.
        """
        to_email = request.data.get("email")
        for user in self.get_users(to_email):
            current_site = get_current_site(request)
            site_name = current_site.name
            if has_perm(user, "users.can_change_password") or has_perm(
                user, "users.can_manage"
            ):
                context = {
                    "email": to_email,
                    "site_name": site_name,
                    "protocol": "https" if self.use_https else "http",
                    "domain": current_site.domain,
                    "path": "/login/reset-password-confirm/",
                    "user_id": urlsafe_base64_encode(
                        force_bytes(user.pk)
                    ),  # urlsafe_base64_encode decodes to ascii
                    "token": default_token_generator.make_token(user),
                    "username": user.get_username(),
                }
                body = self.get_email_body(**context)
            else:
                # User is not allowed to reset his permission. Send only short message.
                body = f"""
                    You do not have permission to reset your password at {site_name}.

                    Please contact your local administrator.

                    Your username, in case you've forgotten: {user.get_username()}
                    """
            # Send a django.core.mail.EmailMessage to `to_email`.
            subject = f"Password reset for {site_name}"
            subject = "".join(subject.splitlines())
            from_email = None  # TODO: Add nice from_email here.
            email_message = mail.EmailMessage(subject, body, from_email, [to_email])
            try:
                email_message.send()
            except smtplib.SMTPRecipientsRefused:
                raise ValidationError(
                    {
                        "detail": f"Error: The email to {to_email} was refused by the server. Please contact your local administrator."
                    }
                )
            except smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError as e:
                # Nice error message on auth failure
                raise ValidationError(
                    {
                        "detail": f"Error {e.smtp_code}: Authentication failure. Please contact your administrator."
                    }
                )
        return super().post(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get_users(self, email):
        """Given an email, return matching user(s) who should receive a reset.

        This allows subclasses to more easily customize the default policies
        that prevent inactive users and users with unusable passwords from
        resetting their password.
        """
        active_users = User.objects.filter(
            **{"email__iexact": email, "is_active": True}
        )
        return (u for u in active_users if u.has_usable_password())

    def get_email_body(self, **context):
        """
        Add context to email template and return the complete body.
        """
        return textwrap.dedent(
            """
            You're receiving this email because you requested a password reset for your user account at {site_name}.

            Please go to the following page and choose a new password:

            {protocol}://{domain}{path}?user_id={user_id}&token={token}

            Your username, in case you've forgotten: {username}

            Thanks for using our site!

            The {site_name} team.
            """
        ).format(**context)


class PasswordResetConfirmView(APIView):
    """
    View to reset the password.

    Send POST request with {'user_id': <encoded user id>, 'token': <token>,
    'password' <new password>} to set password of this user to the new one.
    """

    http_method_names = ["post"]

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        uidb64 = request.data.get("user_id")
        token = request.data.get("token")
        password = request.data.get("password")
        if not (uidb64 and token and password):
            raise ValidationError(
                {"detail": "You have to provide user_id, token and password."}
            )
        user = self.get_user(uidb64)
        if user is None:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "User does not exist."})
        if not (
            has_perm(user, "users.can_change_password")
            or has_perm(user, "users.can_manage")
        ):
            self.permission_denied(request)
        if not default_token_generator.check_token(user, token):
            raise ValidationError({"detail": "Invalid token."})
        try:
            validate_password(password, user=user)
        except DjangoValidationError as errors:
            raise ValidationError({"detail": " ".join(errors)})
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save()
        return super().post(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def get_user(self, uidb64):
        try:
            # urlsafe_base64_decode() decodes to bytestring
            uid = urlsafe_base64_decode(uidb64).decode()
            user = User.objects.get(pk=uid)
        except (TypeError, ValueError, OverflowError, User.DoesNotExist):
            user = None
        return user