diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 5745da234..a1dbe723a 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -7,16 +7,12 @@
 .virtualenv/*
 .venv/*
 
-# Node modules
+# Javascript tools and libraries
 node_modules/*
+bower_components/*
 
 # Development user data (settings, database, media, search index, static files)
-settings.py
-!tests/settings.py
-database.sqlite
-media/*
-whoosh_index/*
-bower_components/*
+development/*
 openslides/static/*
 
 # Package building/IDE
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index ddd54dfd3..54b756b6d 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ install:
   - "node_modules/.bin/bower install"
   - "node_modules/.bin/gulp --production"
 script:
-  - "DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE='tests.settings' coverage run ./manage.py django test"
+  - "DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE='tests.settings' coverage run ./manage.py test"
   - "coverage report -m --fail-under=80"
   - "flake8 --max-line-length=150 --statistics openslides tests"
diff --git a/make/commands.py b/make/commands.py
index 236d3a27e..01772ecfa 100644
--- a/make/commands.py
+++ b/make/commands.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def test(args=None):
     """
     module = getattr(args, 'module', '')
     return call("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE='tests.settings' coverage run "
-                "./manage.py django test %s" % module)
+                "./manage.py test %s" % module)
 
 
 @argument('--plain', action='store_true')
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ def coverage(args=None, plain=None):
     By default it creates a html report. With the argument --plain, it creates
     a plain report and fails under a certain amount of untested lines.
     """
-    test()
     if plain is None:
         plain = getattr(args, 'plain', False)
     if plain:
diff --git a/openslides/__main__.py b/openslides/__main__.py
index e67bebf4b..4a485ea50 100644
--- a/openslides/__main__.py
+++ b/openslides/__main__.py
@@ -1,59 +1,50 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-import argparse
 import os
-import shutil
 import sys
 
-from django.conf import ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE
 from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
 
 from openslides import get_version
 from openslides.utils.main import (
-    detect_openslides_type,
-    ensure_settings,
-    get_browser_url,
-    get_database_path_from_settings,
     get_default_settings_path,
-    get_default_user_data_path,
-    get_port,
     setup_django_settings_module,
+    write_settings,
+    UnknownCommand,
+    ExceptionArgumentParser,
+    get_development_settings_path,
     start_browser,
-    translate_customizable_strings,
-    write_settings)
+    is_development)
 
 
 def main():
     """
     Main entrance to OpenSlides.
     """
-    # Parse all command line args.
-    args = parse_args()
-
-    # Setup settings path: Take it either from command line or get default path
-    if hasattr(args, 'settings') and args.settings:
-        settings = args.settings
-        setup_django_settings_module(settings)
+    parser = get_parser()
+    try:
+        known_args, unknown_args = parser.parse_known_args()
+    except UnknownCommand:
+        unknown_command = True
     else:
-        if ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE not in os.environ:
-            openslides_type = detect_openslides_type()
-            settings = get_default_settings_path(openslides_type)
-            setup_django_settings_module(settings)
-        else:
-            # The environment variable is set, so we do not need to process
-            # anything more here.
-            settings = None
+        unknown_command = False
 
-    # Process the subcommand's callback
-    return args.callback(settings, args)
+    if unknown_command:
+        # Run a command, that is defined by the django management api
+        development = is_development()
+        setup_django_settings_module(development=development)
+        execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+    else:
+        # Run a command that is defined here
+        # These are commands that can not rely on an existing settings
+        known_args.callback(known_args)
 
 
-def parse_args():
+def get_parser():
     """
-    Parses all command line arguments. The subcommand 'django' links to
-    Django's command-line utility.
+    Parses all command line arguments.
     """
-    if len(sys.argv) == 1:
+    if len(sys.argv) == 1 and not is_development():
         sys.argv.append('start')
 
     # Init parser
@@ -64,7 +55,7 @@ def parse_args():
                         'That means OpenSlides will setup default settings and '
                         'database, start the tornado webserver, launch the '
                         'default web browser and open the webinterface.')
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=description)
+    parser = ExceptionArgumentParser(description=description)
 
     # Add version argument
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -85,284 +76,88 @@ def parse_args():
     subcommand_start = subparsers.add_parser(
         'start',
         help='Setup settings and database, start tornado webserver, launch the '
-             'default web browser and open the webinterface.')
-    add_general_arguments(subcommand_start, ('settings', 'user_data_path', 'language', 'address', 'port'))
+             'default web browser and open the webinterface. The environment '
+             'variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE is ignored.')
     subcommand_start.add_argument(
         '--no-browser',
         action='store_true',
         help='Do not launch the default web browser.')
+    subcommand_start.add_argument(
+        '--settings_path',
+        action='store',
+        default=None,
+        help='The used settings file. The file is created, if it does not exist.')
     subcommand_start.set_defaults(callback=start)
-
-    # Subcommand runserver
-    subcommand_runserver = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'runserver',
-        help='Run OpenSlides using tornado webserver. The database tables must '
-             'be created before. Use syncdb subcommand for this.')
-    add_general_arguments(subcommand_runserver, ('settings', 'user_data_path', 'address', 'port'))
-    subcommand_runserver.add_argument(
-        '--start-browser',
+    subcommand_start.add_argument(
+        '--development',
         action='store_true',
-        help='Launch the default web browser and open the webinterface.')
-    subcommand_runserver.set_defaults(callback=runserver)
+        help='Command for development purposes.')
 
-    # Subcommand syncdb
-    subcommand_syncdb = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'syncdb',
-        help='Create or update database tables.')
-    add_general_arguments(subcommand_syncdb, ('settings', 'user_data_path', 'language'))
-    subcommand_syncdb.set_defaults(callback=syncdb)
+    # Subcommand createsettings
+    subcommand_createsettings = subparsers.add_parser(
+        'createsettings',
+        help='Create the settings file.')
+    subcommand_createsettings.set_defaults(callback=createsettings)
+    subcommand_createsettings.add_argument(
+        '--settings_path',
+        action='store',
+        default=None,
+        help='The used settings file. The file is created, even if it exists.')
+    subcommand_createsettings.add_argument(
+        '--development',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='Command for development purposes.')
 
-    # Subcommand createsuperuser
-    subcommand_createsuperuser = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'createsuperuser',
-        help="Make sure the user 'admin' exists and uses 'admin' as password. "
-             "The database tables must be created before. Use syncdb subcommand for this.")
-    add_general_arguments(subcommand_createsuperuser, ('settings', 'user_data_path'))
-    subcommand_createsuperuser.set_defaults(callback=createsuperuser)
-
-    # Subcommand backupdb
-    subcommand_backupdb = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'backupdb',
-        help='Store a backup copy of the SQLite3 database at the given path.')
-    add_general_arguments(subcommand_backupdb, ('settings', 'user_data_path'))
-    subcommand_backupdb.add_argument(
-        'path',
-        help='Path to the backup file. An existing file will be overwritten.')
-    subcommand_backupdb.set_defaults(callback=backupdb)
-
-    # Subcommand deletedb
-    subcommand_deletedb = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'deletedb',
-        help='Delete the SQLite3 database.')
-    add_general_arguments(subcommand_deletedb, ('settings', 'user_data_path'))
-    subcommand_deletedb.set_defaults(callback=deletedb)
-
-    # Subcommand create-dev-settings
-    subcommand_create_dev_settings = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'create-dev-settings',
-        help='Create a settings file at current working directory for development use.')
-    subcommand_create_dev_settings.set_defaults(callback=create_dev_settings)
-
-    # Subcommand django
-    subcommand_django_command_line_utility = subparsers.add_parser(
-        'django',
-        description="Link to Django's command-line utility. Type "
-                    "'%s django help' for more help on this." % parser.prog,
-        help="Call Django's command-line utility.")
-    subcommand_django_command_line_utility.set_defaults(
-        callback=django_command_line_utility,
-        django_args=['%s' % subcommand_django_command_line_utility.prog])
-
-    known_args, unknown_args = parser.parse_known_args()
-
-    if known_args.subcommand == 'django':
-        if not unknown_args:
-            unknown_args.append('help')
-        known_args.django_args.extend(unknown_args)
-    else:
-        if unknown_args:
-            parser.error('Unknown arguments %s found.' % ' '.join(unknown_args))
-
-    return known_args
+    return parser
 
 
-def add_general_arguments(subcommand, arguments):
+def start(args):
     """
-    Adds the named arguments to the subcommand.
+    Starts OpenSlides: Runs migrations and runs runserver.
     """
-    general_arguments = {}
-    openslides_type = detect_openslides_type()
+    settings_path = args.settings_path
+    development = is_development()
 
-    general_arguments['settings'] = (
-        ('-s', '--settings'),
-        dict(help="Path to settings file. The file must be a python module. "
-                  "If if isn't provided, the %s environment variable will be "
-                  "used. If the environment variable isn't provided too, a "
-                  "default path according to the OpenSlides type will be "
-                  "used. At the moment it is %s" % (
-                      ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE,
-                      get_default_settings_path(openslides_type))))
-    general_arguments['user_data_path'] = (
-        ('-d', '--user-data-path'),
-        dict(help='Path to the directory for user specific data files like SQLite3 '
-                  'database, uploaded media and search index. It is only used, '
-                  'when a new settings file is created. The given path is only '
-                  'written into the new settings file. Default according to the '
-                  'OpenSlides type is at the moment %s' % get_default_user_data_path(openslides_type)))
-    general_arguments['language'] = (
-        ('-l', '--language'),
-        dict(help='Language code. All customizable strings will be translated '
-                  'during database setup. See https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/openslides/ '
-                  'for supported languages.'))
-    general_arguments['address'] = (
-        ('-a', '--address',),
-        dict(default='0.0.0.0', help='IP address to listen on. Default is %(default)s.'))
-    general_arguments['port'] = (
-        ('-p', '--port'),
-        dict(type=int,
-             default=80,
-             help='Port to listen on. Default as admin or root is %(default)d, else 8000.'))
+    if settings_path is None:
+        if development:
+            settings_path = get_development_settings_path()
+        else:
+            settings_path = get_default_settings_path()
 
-    for argument in arguments:
-        try:
-            args, kwargs = general_arguments[argument]
-        except KeyError:
-            raise TypeError('The argument %s is not a valid general argument.' % argument)
-        subcommand.add_argument(*args, **kwargs)
+    # Write settings if it does not exists.
+    if not os.path.isfile(settings_path):
+        createsettings(args)
+
+    # Set the django setting module and run migrations
+    # A manual given environment variable will be overwritten
+    setup_django_settings_module(settings_path, development=development)
+
+    execute_from_command_line(['manage.py', 'migrate'])
+
+    if not args.no_browser:
+        start_browser('http://0.0.0.0:8000')
+
+    # Start the webserver
+    execute_from_command_line(['manage.py', 'runserver', '0.0.0.0:8000'])
 
 
-def start(settings, args):
+def createsettings(args):
     """
-    Starts OpenSlides: Runs syncdb and runs runserver (tornado webserver).
+    Creates settings for OpenSlides.
     """
-    ensure_settings(settings, args)
-    syncdb(settings, args)
-    args.start_browser = not args.no_browser
-    runserver(settings, args)
+    settings_path = args.settings_path
+    development = is_development()
+    context = {}
 
+    if development:
+        if settings_path is None:
+            settings_path = get_development_settings_path()
+        context = {
+            'openslides_user_data_path': repr(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'development')),
+            'debug': 'True'}
 
-def runserver(settings, args):
-    """
-    Runs tornado webserver. Runs the function start_browser if the respective
-    argument is given.
-    """
-    ensure_settings(settings, args)
-    port = get_port(address=args.address, port=args.port)
-    if args.start_browser:
-        browser_url = get_browser_url(address=args.address, port=port)
-        start_browser(browser_url)
-
-    # Now the settings is available and the function can be imported.
-    # TODO: only start tornado when it is used as wsgi server
-    from openslides.utils.autoupdate import run_tornado
-    run_tornado(args.address, port)
-
-
-def syncdb(settings, args):
-    """
-    Run syncdb to create or update the database.
-    """
-    ensure_settings(settings, args)
-    db_file = get_database_path_from_settings()
-    if db_file is not None:
-        db_dir = os.path.dirname(db_file)
-        if not os.path.exists(db_dir):
-            os.makedirs(db_dir)
-        if not os.path.exists(db_file):
-            print('Clearing old search index...')
-            execute_from_command_line(["", "clear_index", "--noinput"])
-    execute_from_command_line(["", "syncdb", "--noinput"])
-    if args.language:
-        translate_customizable_strings(args.language)
-    return 0
-
-
-def createsuperuser(settings, args):
-    """
-    Creates or resets the admin user. Returns 0 to show success.
-    """
-    ensure_settings(settings, args)
-    # can't be imported in global scope as it already requires
-    # the settings module during import
-    from openslides.users.api import create_or_reset_admin_user
-    if create_or_reset_admin_user():
-        print('Admin user successfully created.')
-    else:
-        print('Admin user successfully reset.')
-    return 0
-
-
-def backupdb(settings, args):
-    """
-    Stores a backup copy of the SQlite3 database. Returns 0 on success, else 1.
-    """
-    ensure_settings(settings, args)
-
-    from django.db import connection, transaction
-
-    @transaction.atomic
-    def do_backup(src_path, dest_path):
-        # perform a simple file-copy backup of the database
-        # first we need a shared lock on the database, issuing a select()
-        # will do this for us
-        cursor = connection.cursor()
-        cursor.execute("SELECT count(*) from sqlite_master")
-        # now copy the file
-        try:
-            shutil.copy(src_path, dest_path)
-        except IOError:
-            raise Exception("Database backup failed.")
-
-    database_path = get_database_path_from_settings()
-    if database_path:
-        do_backup(database_path, args.path)
-        print('Database %s successfully stored at %s.' % (database_path, args.path))
-        return_value = 0
-    else:
-        print('Error: Default database is not SQLite3. Only SQLite3 databases '
-              'can currently be backuped.')
-        return_value = 1
-    return return_value
-
-
-def deletedb(settings, args):
-    """
-    Deletes the sqlite3 database. Returns 0 on success, else 1.
-    """
-    ensure_settings(settings, args)
-    database_path = get_database_path_from_settings()
-    if database_path and os.path.exists(database_path):
-        os.remove(database_path)
-        print('SQLite3 database file %s successfully deleted.' % database_path)
-        execute_from_command_line(["", "clear_index", "--noinput"])
-        print('Whoosh search index successfully cleared.')
-        return_value = 0
-    else:
-        print('SQLite3 database file %s does not exist.' % database_path)
-        return_value = 1
-    return return_value
-
-
-def create_dev_settings(settings, args):
-    """
-    Creates a settings file at the currect working directory for development use.
-    """
-    settings = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'settings.py')
-    if not os.path.exists(settings):
-        context = {}
-        context['openslides_user_data_path'] = repr(os.getcwd())
-        context['import_function'] = ''
-        context['debug'] = 'True'
-        write_settings(settings, **context)
-        print('Settings file at %s successfully created.' % settings)
-        return_value = 0
-    else:
-        print('Error: Settings file %s already exists.' % settings)
-        return_value = 1
-    return return_value
-
-
-def django_command_line_utility(settings, args):
-    """
-    Runs Django's command line utility. Returns 0 on success, else 1.
-    """
-    if 'runserver' in args.django_args:
-        command = 'runserver'
-    elif 'syncdb' in args.django_args:
-        command = 'syncdb'
-    elif 'createsuperuser' in args.django_args:
-        command = 'createsuperuser'
-    else:
-        command = None
-    if command:
-        print("Error: The command '%s' is disabled in OpenSlides for use via Django's "
-              "command line utility." % command)
-        return_value = 1
-    else:
-        ensure_settings(settings, args)
-        execute_from_command_line(args.django_args)
-        return_value = 0
-    return return_value
+    settings_path = write_settings(settings_path, **context)
+    print('Settings created at %s' % settings_path)
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
diff --git a/openslides/core/management/commands/backupdb.py b/openslides/core/management/commands/backupdb.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..21755a8e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openslides/core/management/commands/backupdb.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from optparse import make_option  # TODO: Use argpase in Django 1.8
+import shutil
+
+from django.core.management.base import NoArgsCommand, CommandError
+from django.db import connection, transaction
+
+from openslides.utils.main import get_database_path_from_settings
+
+
+class Command(NoArgsCommand):
+    """
+    Commands to create or reset the adminuser
+    """
+    option_list = NoArgsCommand.option_list + (
+        make_option('--path', dest='path'),
+    )
+
+    def handle_noargs(self, **options):
+        path = options.get('path')
+
+        @transaction.atomic
+        def do_backup(src_path, dest_path):
+            # perform a simple file-copy backup of the database
+            # first we need a shared lock on the database, issuing a select()
+            # will do this for us
+            cursor = connection.cursor()
+            cursor.execute("SELECT count(*) from sqlite_master")
+            # now copy the file
+            try:
+                shutil.copy(src_path, dest_path)
+            except IOError:
+                # TODO: use the IOError message as message for the user
+                raise CommandError("Database backup failed.")
+
+        database_path = get_database_path_from_settings()
+        if database_path:
+            do_backup(database_path, path)
+            self.stdout.write('Database %s successfully stored at %s.' % (database_path, path))
+        else:
+            raise CommandError(
+                'Default database is not SQLite3. Only SQLite3 databases'
+                'can currently be backuped.')
diff --git a/openslides/core/management/commands/createsuperuser.py b/openslides/core/management/commands/createsuperuser.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b65082189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openslides/core/management/commands/createsuperuser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from django.core.management.base import NoArgsCommand
+
+from openslides.users.api import create_or_reset_admin_user
+
+
+class Command(NoArgsCommand):
+    """
+    Commands to create or reset the adminuser
+    """
+
+    def handle_noargs(self, **options):
+        if create_or_reset_admin_user():
+            self.stdout.write('Admin user successfully created.')
+        else:
+            self.stdout.write('Admin user successfully reset.')
diff --git a/openslides/core/management/commands/migrate.py b/openslides/core/management/commands/migrate.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9219b5d51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openslides/core/management/commands/migrate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import os
+
+from django.core.management.commands.migrate import Command as _Command
+
+from openslides.users.api import create_builtin_groups_and_admin
+
+
+class Command(_Command):
+    """
+    Migration command that does the same like the django migration command but
+    calles also creates the default groups
+    """
+    # TODO: Try to get rid of this code. The problem are the ContentType
+    # and Permission objects, which are created in the post_migrate signal, but
+    # we need to things later.
+
+    def handle(self, *args, **options):
+        from django.conf import settings
+        # Creates the folder for a sqlite database if necessary
+        if settings.DATABASES['default']['ENGINE'] == 'django.db.backends.sqlite3':
+            try:
+                os.makedirs(settings.OPENSLIDES_USER_DATA_PATH)
+            except (FileExistsError, AttributeError):
+                # If the folder already exist or the settings OPENSLIDES_USER_DATA_PATH
+                # is unknown, then do nothing
+                pass
+
+        super().handle(*args, **options)
+        create_builtin_groups_and_admin()
diff --git a/openslides/core/management/commands/runserver.py b/openslides/core/management/commands/runserver.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f96cc9978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openslides/core/management/commands/runserver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+import sys
+import socket
+import errno
+
+from django.core.management.commands.runserver import Command as _Command
+from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
+from django.utils import translation
+from django.utils.encoding import force_text
+
+from openslides.utils.autoupdate import run_tornado
+
+
+class Command(_Command):
+    """
+    Runserver command from django core, but starts the tornado webserver.
+
+    Only the line to run tornado has changed from the django default
+    implementation.
+    """
+    # TODO: do not start tornado when the settings says so
+
+    def inner_run(self, *args, **options):
+        from django.conf import settings
+        # From the base class:
+        self.stdout.write("Performing system checks...\n\n")
+        self.validate(display_num_errors=True)
+
+        try:
+            self.check_migrations()
+        except ImproperlyConfigured:
+            pass
+
+        now = datetime.now().strftime('%B %d, %Y - %X')
+
+        shutdown_message = options.get('shutdown_message', '')
+        quit_command = 'CTRL-BREAK' if sys.platform == 'win32' else 'CONTROL-C'
+
+        self.stdout.write((
+            "%(started_at)s\n"
+            "Django version %(version)s, using settings %(settings)r\n"
+            "Starting development server at http://%(addr)s:%(port)s/\n"
+            "Quit the server with %(quit_command)s.\n"
+            ) % {
+            "started_at": now,
+            "version": self.get_version(),
+            "settings": settings.SETTINGS_MODULE,
+            "addr": '[%s]' % self.addr if self._raw_ipv6 else self.addr,
+            "port": self.port,
+            "quit_command": quit_command,
+            })
+
+        translation.activate(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
+
+        try:
+            handler = self.get_handler(*args, **options)
+            run_tornado(
+                self.addr,
+                int(self.port),
+                handler,
+                ipv6=self.use_ipv6)
+        except socket.error as e:
+            # Use helpful error messages instead of ugly tracebacks.
+            ERRORS = {
+                errno.EACCES: "You don't have permission to access that port.",
+                errno.EADDRINUSE: "That port is already in use.",
+                errno.EADDRNOTAVAIL: "That IP address can't be assigned-to.",
+            }
+            try:
+                error_text = ERRORS[e.errno]
+            except KeyError:
+                error_text = force_text(e)
+                self.stderr.write("Error: %s" % error_text)
+                sys.exit(0)
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                if shutdown_message:
+                    self.stdout.write(shutdown_message)
+                    sys.exit(0)
diff --git a/openslides/core/management/commands/syncdb.py b/openslides/core/management/commands/syncdb.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 928d2fc4f..000000000
--- a/openslides/core/management/commands/syncdb.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-from django.core.management.commands.syncdb import Command as _Command
-
-from openslides.core.signals import post_database_setup
-
-
-class Command(_Command):
-    """
-    Setup the database and sends the signal post_database_setup.
-    """
-    def handle_noargs(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        """
-        Calls Django's syncdb command but always in non-interactive mode. After
-        this it sends our post_database_setup signal.
-        """
-        interactive = kwargs.get('interactive', False)
-        kwargs['interactive'] = False
-        return_value = super(Command, self).handle_noargs(*args, **kwargs)
-        post_database_setup.send(sender=self)
-
-        if interactive:
-            print('Interactive mode (e. g. creating a superuser) is not possibile '
-                  'in OpenSlides. A superuser is automaticly created.')
-        return return_value
diff --git a/openslides/core/signals.py b/openslides/core/signals.py
index 15bb08f0e..54407e902 100644
--- a/openslides/core/signals.py
+++ b/openslides/core/signals.py
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 from django import forms
-from django.dispatch import Signal
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy, ugettext_noop
 
 from openslides.config.api import ConfigGroup, ConfigGroupedCollection, ConfigVariable
 
-post_database_setup = Signal()
-
 
 def setup_general_config(sender, **kwargs):
     """
diff --git a/openslides/global_settings.py b/openslides/global_settings.py
index 7da0ea348..cdc692038 100644
--- a/openslides/global_settings.py
+++ b/openslides/global_settings.py
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
 ROOT_URLCONF = 'openslides.urls'
 
 INSTALLED_APPS = (
+    'openslides.core',
     'django.contrib.auth',
     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     'django.contrib.sessions',
@@ -90,7 +91,6 @@ INSTALLED_APPS = (
     'ckeditor',
     'rest_framework',
     'openslides.poll',
-    'openslides.core',
     'openslides.account',
     'openslides.projector',
     'openslides.agenda',
diff --git a/openslides/motion/apps.py b/openslides/motion/apps.py
index e5ecdfe71..9a15b4ccb 100644
--- a/openslides/motion/apps.py
+++ b/openslides/motion/apps.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from django.apps import AppConfig
+from django.db.models.signals import post_migrate
 
 
 class MotionAppConfig(AppConfig):
@@ -12,13 +13,12 @@ class MotionAppConfig(AppConfig):
 
         # Import all required stuff.
         from openslides.config.signals import config_signal
-        from openslides.core.signals import post_database_setup
         from openslides.projector.api import register_slide_model
         from .signals import create_builtin_workflows, setup_motion_config
 
         # Connect signals.
         config_signal.connect(setup_motion_config, dispatch_uid='setup_motion_config')
-        post_database_setup.connect(create_builtin_workflows, dispatch_uid='motion_create_builtin_workflows')
+        post_migrate.connect(create_builtin_workflows, dispatch_uid='motion_create_builtin_workflows')
 
         # Register slides.
         Motion = self.get_model('Motion')
diff --git a/openslides/motion/signals.py b/openslides/motion/signals.py
index 07507e9b4..e420470fc 100644
--- a/openslides/motion/signals.py
+++ b/openslides/motion/signals.py
@@ -172,73 +172,75 @@ def create_builtin_workflows(sender, **kwargs):
     connected to the signal openslides.core.signals.post_database_setup
     during app loading.
     """
-    workflow_1, created = Workflow.objects.get_or_create(name=ugettext_noop('Simple Workflow'))
-    if created:
-        state_1_1 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('submitted'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_1,
-                                         allow_create_poll=True,
-                                         allow_support=True,
-                                         allow_submitter_edit=True)
-        state_1_2 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('accepted'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_1,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Accept'))
-        state_1_3 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('rejected'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_1,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Reject'))
-        state_1_4 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('not decided'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_1,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Do not decide'))
-        state_1_1.next_states.add(state_1_2, state_1_3, state_1_4)
-        workflow_1.first_state = state_1_1
-        workflow_1.save()
+    if Workflow.objects.exists():
+        # If there is at least one workflow, then do nothing.
+        return
 
-    workflow_2, created = Workflow.objects.get_or_create(name=ugettext_noop('Complex Workflow'))
-    if created:
-        state_2_1 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('published'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         allow_support=True,
-                                         allow_submitter_edit=True,
-                                         dont_set_identifier=True)
-        state_2_2 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('permitted'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Permit'),
-                                         allow_create_poll=True,
-                                         allow_submitter_edit=True,
-                                         versioning=True,
-                                         leave_old_version_active=True)
-        state_2_3 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('accepted'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Accept'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_4 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('rejected'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Reject'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_5 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('withdrawed'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Withdraw'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_6 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('adjourned'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Adjourn'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_7 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('not concerned'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Do not concern'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_8 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('commited a bill'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Commit a bill'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_9 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('needs review'),
-                                         workflow=workflow_2,
-                                         action_word=ugettext_noop('Needs review'),
-                                         versioning=True)
-        state_2_10 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('rejected (not authorized)'),
-                                          workflow=workflow_2,
-                                          action_word=ugettext_noop('Reject (not authorized)'),
-                                          versioning=True)
-        state_2_1.next_states.add(state_2_2, state_2_5, state_2_10)
-        state_2_2.next_states.add(state_2_3, state_2_4, state_2_5, state_2_6, state_2_7, state_2_8, state_2_9)
-        workflow_2.first_state = state_2_1
-        workflow_2.save()
+    workflow_1 = Workflow.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Simple Workflow'))
+    state_1_1 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('submitted'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_1,
+                                     allow_create_poll=True,
+                                     allow_support=True,
+                                     allow_submitter_edit=True)
+    state_1_2 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('accepted'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_1,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Accept'))
+    state_1_3 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('rejected'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_1,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Reject'))
+    state_1_4 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('not decided'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_1,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Do not decide'))
+    state_1_1.next_states.add(state_1_2, state_1_3, state_1_4)
+    workflow_1.first_state = state_1_1
+    workflow_1.save()
+
+    workflow_2 = Workflow.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Complex Workflow'))
+    state_2_1 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('published'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     allow_support=True,
+                                     allow_submitter_edit=True,
+                                     dont_set_identifier=True)
+    state_2_2 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('permitted'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Permit'),
+                                     allow_create_poll=True,
+                                     allow_submitter_edit=True,
+                                     versioning=True,
+                                     leave_old_version_active=True)
+    state_2_3 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('accepted'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Accept'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_4 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('rejected'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Reject'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_5 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('withdrawed'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Withdraw'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_6 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('adjourned'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Adjourn'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_7 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('not concerned'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Do not concern'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_8 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('commited a bill'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Commit a bill'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_9 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('needs review'),
+                                     workflow=workflow_2,
+                                     action_word=ugettext_noop('Needs review'),
+                                     versioning=True)
+    state_2_10 = State.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('rejected (not authorized)'),
+                                      workflow=workflow_2,
+                                      action_word=ugettext_noop('Reject (not authorized)'),
+                                      versioning=True)
+    state_2_1.next_states.add(state_2_2, state_2_5, state_2_10)
+    state_2_2.next_states.add(state_2_3, state_2_4, state_2_5, state_2_6, state_2_7, state_2_8, state_2_9)
+    workflow_2.first_state = state_2_1
+    workflow_2.save()
diff --git a/openslides/users/api.py b/openslides/users/api.py
index 0b0b34b8f..21b0ca0c4 100644
--- a/openslides/users/api.py
+++ b/openslides/users/api.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from random import choice
 
 from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission, Group
 from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
+from django.utils.translation import ugettext_noop
 
 from .models import User
 
@@ -49,6 +50,95 @@ def get_registered_group():
     return Group.objects.get(pk=2)
 
 
+def create_builtin_groups_and_admin():
+    """
+    Creates the builtin groups: Anonymous, Registered, Delegates and Staff.
+
+    Creates the builtin user: admin.
+    """
+    # Check whether the group pks 1 to 4 are free
+    if Group.objects.filter(pk__in=range(1, 5)).exists():
+        # Do completely nothing if there are already some of our groups in the database.
+        return
+
+    # Anonymous (pk 1) and Registered (pk 2)
+    ct_core = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='core', model='customslide')
+    perm_11 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_see_projector')
+    perm_12 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_see_dashboard')
+
+    ct_agenda = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='agenda', model='item')
+    ct_speaker = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='agenda', model='speaker')
+    perm_13 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_agenda, codename='can_see_agenda')
+    perm_14 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_agenda, codename='can_see_orga_items')
+    can_speak = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_speaker, codename='can_be_speaker')
+
+    ct_motion = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='motion', model='motion')
+    perm_15 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_see_motion')
+
+    ct_assignment = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='assignment', model='assignment')
+    perm_16 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_see_assignment')
+
+    ct_users = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='users', model='user')
+    perm_users_can_see_name = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_users, codename='can_see_name')
+    perm_users_can_see_extra_data = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_users, codename='can_see_extra_data')
+
+    ct_mediafile = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='mediafile', model='mediafile')
+    perm_18 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_mediafile, codename='can_see')
+
+    base_permission_list = (
+        perm_11,
+        perm_12,
+        perm_13,
+        perm_14,
+        perm_15,
+        perm_16,
+        perm_users_can_see_name,
+        perm_users_can_see_extra_data,
+        perm_18)
+
+    group_anonymous = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Anonymous'), pk=1)
+    group_anonymous.permissions.add(*base_permission_list)
+    group_registered = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Registered'), pk=2)
+    group_registered.permissions.add(can_speak, *base_permission_list)
+
+    # Delegates (pk 3)
+    perm_31 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_create_motion')
+    perm_32 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_support_motion')
+    perm_33 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_nominate_other')
+    perm_34 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_nominate_self')
+    perm_35 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_mediafile, codename='can_upload')
+
+    group_delegates = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Delegates'), pk=3)
+    group_delegates.permissions.add(perm_31, perm_32, perm_33, perm_34, perm_35)
+
+    # Staff (pk 4)
+    perm_41 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_agenda, codename='can_manage_agenda')
+    perm_42 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_manage_motion')
+    perm_43 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_manage_assignment')
+    perm_44 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_users, codename='can_manage')
+    perm_45 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_manage_projector')
+    perm_46 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_use_chat')
+    perm_47 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_mediafile, codename='can_manage')
+
+    ct_config = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='config', model='configstore')
+    perm_48 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_config, codename='can_manage')
+
+    ct_tag = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='core', model='tag')
+    can_manage_tags = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_tag, codename='can_manage_tags')
+
+    group_staff = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Staff'), pk=4)
+    # add delegate permissions (without can_support_motion)
+    group_staff.permissions.add(perm_31, perm_33, perm_34, perm_35)
+    # add staff permissions
+    group_staff.permissions.add(perm_41, perm_42, perm_43, perm_44, perm_45, perm_46, perm_47, perm_48, can_manage_tags)
+    # add can_see_name and can_see_extra_data permissions
+    # TODO: Remove this redundancy after cleanup of the permission system.
+    group_staff.permissions.add(perm_users_can_see_name, perm_users_can_see_extra_data)
+
+    # Admin user
+    create_or_reset_admin_user()
+
+
 def create_or_reset_admin_user():
     group_staff = Group.objects.get(pk=4)
     try:
diff --git a/openslides/users/apps.py b/openslides/users/apps.py
index 4c4b65539..0d3231554 100644
--- a/openslides/users/apps.py
+++ b/openslides/users/apps.py
@@ -13,10 +13,9 @@ class UsersAppConfig(AppConfig):
         # Import all required stuff.
         from django.db.models.signals import post_save
         from openslides.config.signals import config_signal
-        from openslides.core.signals import post_database_setup
         from openslides.projector.api import register_slide_model
         from openslides.utils.rest_api import router
-        from .signals import create_builtin_groups_and_admin, setup_users_config, user_post_save
+        from .signals import setup_users_config, user_post_save
         from .views import UserViewSet
 
         # Load User model.
@@ -24,7 +23,6 @@ class UsersAppConfig(AppConfig):
 
         # Connect signals.
         config_signal.connect(setup_users_config, dispatch_uid='setup_users_config')
-        post_database_setup.connect(create_builtin_groups_and_admin, dispatch_uid='users_create_builtin_groups_and_admin')
         post_save.connect(user_post_save, sender=User, dispatch_uid='users_user_post_save')
 
         # Register slides.
diff --git a/openslides/users/signals.py b/openslides/users/signals.py
index 3089c6f93..722ea542e 100644
--- a/openslides/users/signals.py
+++ b/openslides/users/signals.py
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 from django import forms
-from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission
-from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy, ugettext_noop
 
 from openslides.config.api import ConfigGroup, ConfigGroupedCollection, ConfigVariable
 
-from .api import create_or_reset_admin_user
-from .models import Group
-
 
 def setup_users_config(sender, **kwargs):
     """
@@ -104,100 +99,6 @@ def setup_users_config(sender, **kwargs):
         groups=(group_general, group_pdf))
 
 
-def create_builtin_groups_and_admin(sender, **kwargs):
-    """
-    Receiver function to builtin groups and the admin user.
-
-    Creates the builtin groups: Anonymous, Registered, Delegates and Staff.
-
-    Creates the builtin user: admin.
-
-    It is connected to the signal
-    openslides.core.signals.post_database_setup during app loading.
-    """
-    # Check whether the group pks 1 to 4 are free
-    if Group.objects.filter(pk__in=range(1, 5)).exists():
-        # Do completely nothing if there are already some of our groups in the database.
-        return
-
-    # Anonymous (pk 1) and Registered (pk 2)
-    ct_core = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='core', model='customslide')
-    perm_11 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_see_projector')
-    perm_12 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_see_dashboard')
-
-    ct_agenda = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='agenda', model='item')
-    ct_speaker = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='agenda', model='speaker')
-    perm_13 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_agenda, codename='can_see_agenda')
-    perm_14 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_agenda, codename='can_see_orga_items')
-    can_speak = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_speaker, codename='can_be_speaker')
-
-    ct_motion = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='motion', model='motion')
-    perm_15 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_see_motion')
-
-    ct_assignment = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='assignment', model='assignment')
-    perm_16 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_see_assignment')
-
-    ct_users = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='users', model='user')
-    perm_users_can_see_name = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_users, codename='can_see_name')
-    perm_users_can_see_extra_data = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_users, codename='can_see_extra_data')
-
-    ct_mediafile = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='mediafile', model='mediafile')
-    perm_18 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_mediafile, codename='can_see')
-
-    base_permission_list = (
-        perm_11,
-        perm_12,
-        perm_13,
-        perm_14,
-        perm_15,
-        perm_16,
-        perm_users_can_see_name,
-        perm_users_can_see_extra_data,
-        perm_18)
-
-    group_anonymous = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Anonymous'), pk=1)
-    group_anonymous.permissions.add(*base_permission_list)
-    group_registered = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Registered'), pk=2)
-    group_registered.permissions.add(can_speak, *base_permission_list)
-
-    # Delegates (pk 3)
-    perm_31 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_create_motion')
-    perm_32 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_support_motion')
-    perm_33 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_nominate_other')
-    perm_34 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_nominate_self')
-    perm_35 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_mediafile, codename='can_upload')
-
-    group_delegates = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Delegates'), pk=3)
-    group_delegates.permissions.add(perm_31, perm_32, perm_33, perm_34, perm_35)
-
-    # Staff (pk 4)
-    perm_41 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_agenda, codename='can_manage_agenda')
-    perm_42 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_motion, codename='can_manage_motion')
-    perm_43 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_assignment, codename='can_manage_assignment')
-    perm_44 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_users, codename='can_manage')
-    perm_45 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_manage_projector')
-    perm_46 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_core, codename='can_use_chat')
-    perm_47 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_mediafile, codename='can_manage')
-
-    ct_config = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='config', model='configstore')
-    perm_48 = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_config, codename='can_manage')
-
-    ct_tag = ContentType.objects.get(app_label='core', model='tag')
-    can_manage_tags = Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct_tag, codename='can_manage_tags')
-
-    group_staff = Group.objects.create(name=ugettext_noop('Staff'), pk=4)
-    # add delegate permissions (without can_support_motion)
-    group_staff.permissions.add(perm_31, perm_33, perm_34, perm_35)
-    # add staff permissions
-    group_staff.permissions.add(perm_41, perm_42, perm_43, perm_44, perm_45, perm_46, perm_47, perm_48, can_manage_tags)
-    # add can_see_name and can_see_extra_data permissions
-    # TODO: Remove this redundancy after cleanup of the permission system.
-    group_staff.permissions.add(perm_users_can_see_name, perm_users_can_see_extra_data)
-
-    # Admin user
-    create_or_reset_admin_user()
-
-
 def user_post_save(sender, instance, *args, **kwargs):
     """
     Receiver function to add a new user to the registered group. It is
diff --git a/openslides/utils/autoupdate.py b/openslides/utils/autoupdate.py
index d961273ea..bc5af4679 100644
--- a/openslides/utils/autoupdate.py
+++ b/openslides/utils/autoupdate.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class OpenSlidesSockJSConnection(SockJSConnection):
             waiter.send(data)
 
 
-def run_tornado(addr, port):
+def run_tornado(addr, port, *args, **kwargs):
     """
     Starts the tornado webserver as wsgi server for OpenSlides.
 
@@ -79,14 +79,6 @@ def run_tornado(addr, port):
     # Don't try to read the command line args from openslides
     parse_command_line(args=[])
 
-    # Print listening address and port to command line
-    if addr == '0.0.0.0':
-        url_string = "the machine's local ip address"
-    else:
-        url_string = 'http://%s:%s' % (addr, port)
-    # TODO: don't use print, use django logging
-    print("Starting OpenSlides' tornado webserver listening to %(url_string)s" % {'url_string': url_string})
-
     # Setup WSGIContainer
     app = WSGIContainer(get_wsgi_application())
 
@@ -101,7 +93,7 @@ def run_tornado(addr, port):
 
     # Start the application
     debug = settings.DEBUG
-    tornado_app = Application(sock_js_router.urls + chatbox_socket_js_router.urls + other_urls, debug=debug)
+    tornado_app = Application(sock_js_router.urls + chatbox_socket_js_router.urls + other_urls, autoreload=debug, debug=debug)
     server = HTTPServer(tornado_app)
     server.listen(port=port, address=addr)
     IOLoop.instance().start()
diff --git a/openslides/utils/main.py b/openslides/utils/main.py
index f8bda0967..e9920f0d7 100644
--- a/openslides/utils/main.py
+++ b/openslides/utils/main.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import ctypes
 import os
-import socket
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import threading
 import time
 import webbrowser
+import argparse
 
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
 from django.conf import ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from django.utils.crypto import get_random_string
 from django.utils.translation import activate, check_for_language, get_language
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
 
+DEVELOPMENT_VERSION = 'Development Version'
 UNIX_VERSION = 'Unix Version'
 WINDOWS_VERSION = 'Windows Version'
 WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION = 'Windows Portable Version'
@@ -30,6 +31,15 @@ class DatabaseInSettingsError(Exception):
     pass
 
 
+class UnknownCommand(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class ExceptionArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    def error(self, message):
+        raise UnknownCommand(message)
+
+
 def detect_openslides_type():
     """
     Returns the type of this OpenSlides version.
@@ -50,16 +60,19 @@ def detect_openslides_type():
     return openslides_type
 
 
-def get_default_settings_path(openslides_type):
+def get_default_settings_path(openslides_type=None):
     """
     Returns the default settings path according to the OpenSlides type.
 
     The argument 'openslides_type' has to be one of the three types mentioned in
     openslides.utils.main.
     """
+    if openslides_type is None:
+        openslides_type = detect_openslides_type()
+
     if openslides_type == UNIX_VERSION:
         parent_directory = os.environ.get(
-            'XDG_CONFIG_HOME', os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.config'))
+            'XDG_CONFIG_HOME', os.path.expanduser('~/.config'))
     elif openslides_type == WINDOWS_VERSION:
         parent_directory = get_win32_app_data_path()
     elif openslides_type == WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION:
@@ -69,31 +82,52 @@ def get_default_settings_path(openslides_type):
     return os.path.join(parent_directory, 'openslides', 'settings.py')
 
 
-def setup_django_settings_module(settings_path):
+def get_development_settings_path():
+    """
+    Returns the path to a local development settings.
+
+    On Unix systems: 'development/settings.py'
+    """
+    return os.path.join('development', 'settings.py')
+
+
+def setup_django_settings_module(settings_path=None, development=None):
     """
     Sets the environment variable ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE, that means
     'DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', to the given settings.
+
+    If no settings_path is given and the environment variable is already set,
+    then this function does nothing.
+
+    If the argument settings_path is set, then the environment variable is
+    always overwritten.
     """
+    if settings_path is None and os.environ.get(ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE, None):
+        return
+
+    if settings_path is None:
+        if development:
+            settings_path = get_development_settings_path()
+        else:
+            settings_path = get_default_settings_path()
+
     settings_file = os.path.basename(settings_path)
     settings_module_name = ".".join(settings_file.split('.')[:-1])
     if '.' in settings_module_name:
         raise ImproperlyConfigured("'.' is not an allowed character in the settings-file")
-    settings_module_dir = os.path.dirname(settings_path)  # TODO: Use absolute path here or not?
+
+    # Change the python path. Also set the environment variable python path, so
+    # change of the python path also works after a reload
+    settings_module_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(settings_path))
     sys.path.insert(0, settings_module_dir)
-    os.environ[ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE] = '%s' % settings_module_name
+    try:
+        os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = os.pathsep.join((settings_module_dir, os.environ['PYTHONPATH']))
+    except KeyError:
+        # The environment variable is empty
+        os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = settings_module_dir
 
-
-def ensure_settings(settings, args):
-    """
-    Create settings if a settings path is given and this file still does not exist.
-    """
-    if settings and not os.path.exists(settings):
-        if not hasattr(args, 'user_data_path'):
-            context = get_default_settings_context()
-        else:
-            context = get_default_settings_context(args.user_data_path)
-        write_settings(settings, **context)
-        print('Settings file at %s successfully created.' % settings)
+    # Set the environment variable to the settings module
+    os.environ[ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE] = settings_module_name
 
 
 def get_default_settings_context(user_data_path=None):
@@ -132,7 +166,7 @@ def get_default_user_data_path(openslides_type):
     """
     if openslides_type == UNIX_VERSION:
         default_user_data_path = os.environ.get(
-            'XDG_DATA_HOME', os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.local', 'share'))
+            'XDG_DATA_HOME', os.path.expanduser('~/.local/share'))
     elif openslides_type == WINDOWS_VERSION:
         default_user_data_path = get_win32_app_data_path()
     elif openslides_type == WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION:
@@ -192,11 +226,16 @@ def get_win32_portable_user_data_path():
     return os.path.join(get_win32_portable_path(), 'openslides')
 
 
-def write_settings(settings_path, template=None, **context):
+def write_settings(settings_path=None, template=None, **context):
     """
     Creates the settings file at the given path using the given values for the
     file template.
+
+    Retuns the path to the created settings.
     """
+    if settings_path is None:
+        settings_path = get_default_settings_path()
+
     if template is None:
         with open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'settings.py.tpl')) as template_file:
             template = template_file.read()
@@ -205,56 +244,16 @@ def write_settings(settings_path, template=None, **context):
     # from django.core.management.commands.startproject
     chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*(-_=+)'
     context.setdefault('secret_key', get_random_string(50, chars))
+    for key, value in get_default_settings_context().items():
+        context.setdefault(key, value)
+
     content = template % context
     settings_module = os.path.realpath(os.path.dirname(settings_path))
     if not os.path.exists(settings_module):
         os.makedirs(settings_module)
     with open(settings_path, 'w') as settings_file:
         settings_file.write(content)
-
-
-def get_port(address, port):
-    """
-    Checks if the port for the server is available and returns it the port. If
-    it is port 80, try also port 8000.
-
-    The argument 'address' should be an IP address. The argument 'port' should
-    be an integer.
-    """
-    s = socket.socket()
-    try:
-        s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
-        s.bind((address, port))
-        s.listen(-1)
-    except socket.error:
-        error = True
-    else:
-        error = False
-    finally:
-        s.close()
-    if error:
-        if port == 80:
-            port = get_port(address, 8000)
-        else:
-            raise PortIsBlockedError('Port %d is not available. Try another port using the --port option.' % port)
-    return port
-
-
-def get_browser_url(address, port):
-    """
-    Returns the url to open the web browser.
-
-    The argument 'address' should be an IP address. The argument 'port' should
-    be an integer.
-    """
-    browser_url = 'http://'
-    if address == '0.0.0.0':
-        browser_url += 'localhost'
-    else:
-        browser_url += address
-    if not port == 80:
-        browser_url += ":%d" % port
-    return browser_url
+    return os.path.realpath(settings_path)
 
 
 def start_browser(browser_url):
@@ -277,6 +276,8 @@ def get_database_path_from_settings():
     """
     Retrieves the database path out of the settings file. Returns None,
     if it is not a SQLite3 database.
+
+    Needed for the backupdb command.
     """
     from django.conf import settings as django_settings
     from django.db import DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS
@@ -304,3 +305,12 @@ def translate_customizable_strings(language_code):
         for name in config.get_all_translatable():
             config[name] = _(config[name])
         activate(current_language)
+
+
+def is_development():
+    """
+    Returns True if the command is called for development.
+
+    This is the case if manage.py is used, or when the --development flag is set.
+    """
+    return True if '--development' in sys.argv or 'manage.py' in sys.argv[0] else False
diff --git a/openslides/utils/settings.py.tpl b/openslides/utils/settings.py.tpl
index b288f3574..8018f60a2 100644
--- a/openslides/utils/settings.py.tpl
+++ b/openslides/utils/settings.py.tpl
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ SECRET_KEY = %(secret_key)r
 # Use 'DEBUG = True' to get more details for server errors.
 # SECURITY WARNING: Don't run with debug turned on in production!
 
-DEBUG = True
+DEBUG = %(debug)s
 TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
 
 
diff --git a/openslides/utils/test.py b/openslides/utils/test.py
index 7fecf094d..39ff72c71 100644
--- a/openslides/utils/test.py
+++ b/openslides/utils/test.py
@@ -2,18 +2,12 @@ from django.core.management import call_command
 from django.test import TestCase as _TestCase
 
 from openslides.config.api import config
-from openslides.core.signals import post_database_setup
 
 
 class TestCase(_TestCase):
     """
-    Overwrites Django's TestCase class to call the post_database_setup
-    signal after the preparation of every test. Also refreshs the config cache.
+    Overwrites Django's TestCase class to refreshs the config cache.
     """
-    def _pre_setup(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        return_value = super(TestCase, self)._pre_setup(*args, **kwargs)
-        post_database_setup.send(sender=self)
-        return return_value
 
     def _post_teardown(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return_value = super(TestCase, self)._post_teardown(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/tests/settings.py b/tests/settings.py
index 09f9234db..8aa5bec62 100644
--- a/tests/settings.py
+++ b/tests/settings.py
@@ -21,14 +21,6 @@ SECRET_KEY = 'secret'
 DEBUG = True
 TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
 
-
-# OpenSlides plugins
-# Add plugins to this list.
-
-INSTALLED_PLUGINS += (
-    'tests.utils',
-)
-
 INSTALLED_APPS += INSTALLED_PLUGINS
 
 
diff --git a/tests/utils/models.py b/tests/utils/models.py
deleted file mode 100644
index cd5c87cb9..000000000
--- a/tests/utils/models.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-from django.db import models
-
-
-class DummyModel(models.Model):
-    """
-    Dummy model to test some model views.
-    """
-    title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
diff --git a/tests/utils/test_main.py b/tests/utils/test_main.py
index 5113b5216..b2df4d48b 100644
--- a/tests/utils/test_main.py
+++ b/tests/utils/test_main.py
@@ -2,78 +2,76 @@ import os
 import sys
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
-from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
-
-from openslides.__main__ import (
-    add_general_arguments,
-    django_command_line_utility,
-    start,
-    syncdb)
 from openslides.config.api import config
-from openslides.utils.main import (
-    get_browser_url,
-    get_database_path_from_settings,
-    get_default_settings_context,
-    get_default_settings_path,
-    get_default_user_data_path,
-    get_port,
-    PortIsBlockedError,
-    setup_django_settings_module,
-    start_browser,
-    translate_customizable_strings,
-    UNIX_VERSION,
-    WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION)
+from openslides.utils import main
 from openslides.utils.test import TestCase
 
 
 class TestFunctions(TestCase):
-    def test_get_default_user_data_path(self):
-        self.assertIn(os.path.join('.local', 'share'), get_default_user_data_path(UNIX_VERSION))
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.sys')
+    def test_detect_openslides_type_unix(self, mock_sys):
+        """
+        Tests the return value on a unix system.
+        """
+        mock_sys.platform = 'linux'
+        self.assertEqual(main.detect_openslides_type(), main.UNIX_VERSION)
 
-    def test_get_default_settings_path(self):
-        self.assertIn(
-            os.path.join('.config', 'openslides', 'settings.py'), get_default_settings_path(UNIX_VERSION))
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.os.path.basename')
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.sys')
+    def test_detect_openslides_type_win_portable(self, mock_sys, mock_os):
+        """
+        Tests the return value on a windows portable system.
+        """
+        mock_sys.platform = 'win32'
+        mock_os.return_value = 'openslides.exe'
+        self.assertEqual(main.detect_openslides_type(), main.WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION)
+
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.os.path.basename')
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.sys')
+    def test_detect_openslides_type_win(self, mock_sys, mock_os):
+        """
+        Tests the return value on a windows system.
+        """
+        mock_sys.platform = 'win32'
+        mock_os.return_value = 'python'
+        self.assertEqual(main.detect_openslides_type(), main.WINDOWS_VERSION)
+
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.detect_openslides_type')
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.os.path.expanduser')
+    def test_get_default_settings_path_unix(self, mock_expanduser, mock_detect):
+        mock_expanduser.return_value = '/home/test/.config'
+        self.assertEqual(main.get_default_settings_path(main.UNIX_VERSION),
+                         '/home/test/.config/openslides/settings.py')
+
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.get_win32_app_data_path')
+    def test_get_default_settings_path_win(self, mock_win):
+        mock_win.return_value = 'win32'
+        self.assertEqual(main.get_default_settings_path(main.WINDOWS_VERSION),
+                         'win32/openslides/settings.py')
+
+    @patch('openslides.utils.main.get_win32_portable_path')
+    def test_get_default_settings_path_portable(self, mock_portable):
+        mock_portable.return_value = 'portable'
+        self.assertEqual(main.get_default_settings_path(main.WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION),
+                         'portable/openslides/settings.py')
+
+    def test_get_development_settings_path(self):
+        self.assertEqual(main.get_development_settings_path(), os.sep.join(('development', 'settings.py')))
+
+    def test_setup_django_settings_module(self):
+        main.setup_django_settings_module('test_dir_dhvnghfjdh456fzheg2f/test_path_bngjdhc756dzwncshdfnx.py')
+
+        self.assertEqual(os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'], 'test_path_bngjdhc756dzwncshdfnx')
+        self.assertEqual(sys.path[0], os.path.abspath('test_dir_dhvnghfjdh456fzheg2f'))
 
     @patch('openslides.utils.main.detect_openslides_type')
     def test_get_default_settings_context_portable(self, detect_mock):
-        detect_mock.return_value = WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION
-        context = get_default_settings_context()
+        detect_mock.return_value = main.WINDOWS_PORTABLE_VERSION
+        context = main.get_default_settings_context()
         self.assertEqual(context['openslides_user_data_path'], 'get_win32_portable_user_data_path()')
 
-    def test_setup_django_settings_module(self):
-        setup_django_settings_module('test_dir_dhvnghfjdh456fzheg2f/test_path_bngjdhc756dzwncshdfnx.py')
-        self.assertEqual(os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'], 'test_path_bngjdhc756dzwncshdfnx')
-        self.assertEqual(sys.path[0], 'test_dir_dhvnghfjdh456fzheg2f')
-
-    def test_setup_django_settings_module_error(self):
-        self.assertRaisesMessage(
-            ImproperlyConfigured,
-            "'.' is not an allowed character in the settings-file",
-            setup_django_settings_module,
-            'wrong.file.py')
-
-    def test_get_browser_url(self):
-        self.assertEqual(get_browser_url('123.456.789.365', 6789), 'http://123.456.789.365:6789')
-        self.assertEqual(get_browser_url('123.456.789.365', 80), 'http://123.456.789.365')
-        self.assertEqual(get_browser_url('0.0.0.0', 6789), 'http://localhost:6789')
-        self.assertEqual(get_browser_url('0.0.0.0', 80), 'http://localhost')
-
-    def test_get_port(self):
-        class MyException(Exception):
-            pass
-
-        def block_some_ports(mock):
-            if not 8000 == mock_socket.socket().bind.call_args[0][0][1]:
-                raise MyException
-
-        # Test open port
-        self.assertEqual(get_port('localhost', 8234), 8234)
-        # Test blocked ports
-        with patch('openslides.utils.main.socket') as mock_socket:
-            mock_socket.error = MyException
-            mock_socket.socket().listen = MagicMock(side_effect=block_some_ports)
-            self.assertEqual(get_port('localhost', 80), 8000)
-            self.assertRaises(PortIsBlockedError, get_port, 'localhost', 81)
+    def test_get_default_user_data_path(self):
+        self.assertIn(os.path.join('.local', 'share'), main.get_default_user_data_path(main.UNIX_VERSION))
 
     @patch('openslides.utils.main.threading.Thread')
     @patch('openslides.utils.main.time')
@@ -81,53 +79,18 @@ class TestFunctions(TestCase):
     def test_start_browser(self,  mock_webbrowser, mock_time, mock_Thread):
         browser_mock = MagicMock()
         mock_webbrowser.get.return_value = browser_mock
-        start_browser('http://localhost:8234')
+
+        main.start_browser('http://localhost:8234')
+
         self.assertTrue(mock_Thread.called)
         inner_function = mock_Thread.call_args[1]['target']
         inner_function()
         browser_mock.open.assert_called_with('http://localhost:8234')
 
     def test_get_database_path_from_settings_memory(self):
-        self.assertEqual(get_database_path_from_settings(), ':memory:')
+        self.assertEqual(main.get_database_path_from_settings(), ':memory:')
 
     def test_translate_customizable_strings(self):
         self.assertEqual(config['event_description'], 'Presentation and assembly system')
-        translate_customizable_strings('de')
+        main.translate_customizable_strings('de')
         self.assertEqual(config['event_description'], u'Präsentations- und Versammlungssystem')
-
-
-class TestOtherFunctions(TestCase):
-    """
-    Tests functions in openslides.__main__
-    """
-    def test_add_general_arguments_wrong_arg(self):
-        self.assertRaisesMessage(
-            TypeError,
-            'The argument invalid_argument is not a valid general argument.',
-            add_general_arguments,
-            None,
-            ['invalid_argument'])
-
-    @patch('openslides.__main__.syncdb')
-    @patch('openslides.__main__.runserver')
-    def test_start(self, mock_runserver, mock_syncdb):
-        mock_args = MagicMock()
-        start(settings=None, args=mock_args)
-        self.assertTrue(mock_syncdb.called)
-        mock_runserver.assert_called_with(None, mock_args)
-
-    @patch('openslides.__main__.os.path.exists')
-    @patch('openslides.__main__.os.makedirs')
-    @patch('openslides.__main__.execute_from_command_line')
-    def test_syncdb(self, mock_execute_from_command_line, mock_os, mock_exists):
-        mock_exists.return_value = True
-        mock_args = MagicMock()
-        mock_args.language = None
-        syncdb(settings=None, args=mock_args)
-        self.assertTrue(mock_execute_from_command_line.called)
-
-    @patch('openslides.__main__.execute_from_command_line')
-    def test_django_command_line_utility(self, mock_execute_from_command_line):
-        mock_args = MagicMock()
-        django_command_line_utility(settings=None, args=mock_args)
-        self.assertTrue(mock_execute_from_command_line.called)
diff --git a/tests/utils/test_views.py b/tests/utils/test_views.py
index 66515ff5a..850cd7fec 100644
--- a/tests/utils/test_views.py
+++ b/tests/utils/test_views.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 from django.contrib.auth.models import AnonymousUser
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
 from django.core.urlresolvers import clear_url_caches
-from django.db import connection, reset_queries
 from django.test import RequestFactory
 from django.test.client import Client
 from django.test.utils import override_settings
@@ -13,7 +12,6 @@ from openslides.utils.signals import template_manipulation
 from openslides.utils.test import TestCase
 
 from . import views as test_views
-from .models import DummyModel
 
 
 @override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='tests.utils.urls')
@@ -194,15 +192,22 @@ class QuestionViewTest(ViewTestCase):
         self.assertIn('the question', question)
 
 
-class DetailViewTest(ViewTestCase):
-    def test_get_object_cache(self):
-        with self.settings(DEBUG=True):
-            DummyModel.objects.create(title='title_ooth8she7yos1Oi8Boh3')
-            reset_queries()
-            client = Client()
-            response = client.get('/dummy_detail_view/1/')
-            self.assertContains(response, 'title_ooth8she7yos1Oi8Boh3')
-            self.assertEqual(len(connection.queries), 3)
+class SingleObjectMixinTest(TestCase):
+
+    @patch('openslides.utils.views.django_views.detail.SingleObjectMixin.get_object')
+    def test_get_object_cache(self, mock_super_class_get_object):
+        """
+        Test that the method get_object caches his result.
+
+        Tests that get_object from the django view is only called once, even if
+        get_object on our class is called twice.
+        """
+        view = views.SingleObjectMixin()
+
+        view.get_object()
+        view.get_object()
+
+        mock_super_class_get_object.assert_called_once_with()
 
 
 def set_context(sender, request, context, **kwargs):
diff --git a/tests/utils/urls.py b/tests/utils/urls.py
index 1f7a87312..66c9d434f 100644
--- a/tests/utils/urls.py
+++ b/tests/utils/urls.py
@@ -26,7 +26,4 @@ urlpatterns += patterns(
 
     url(r'^permission_mixin3/$',
         views.PermissionMixinView.as_view(required_permission='agenda.can_see_agenda')),
-
-    url(r'^dummy_detail_view/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',
-        views.DummyDetailView.as_view()),
 )
diff --git a/tests/utils/views.py b/tests/utils/views.py
index c9e7c4579..8af2be1ac 100644
--- a/tests/utils/views.py
+++ b/tests/utils/views.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ from django.http import HttpResponse
 
 from openslides.utils import views
 
-from .models import DummyModel
-
 
 class GetAbsoluteUrl(object):
     """
@@ -47,15 +45,3 @@ class UrlMixinView(views.UrlMixin, views.View):
 
 class UrlMixinViewWithObject(views.UrlMixin, views.View):
     object = GetAbsoluteUrl()
-
-
-class DummyDetailView(views.DetailView):
-    model = DummyModel
-
-    def get_context_data(self, **context):
-        context = super(DummyDetailView, self).get_context_data(**context)
-        # Just call get_object() some times to test the cache
-        self.get_object()
-        self.get_object()
-        self.get_object()
-        return context